The Colonel’s son, First Lieutenant Samuel Knollis [died 5 July 1794] would have been 9 years old when the combined French and Spanish army finally captured Fort St Phillipe. The siege does not seem to have put him off the army life, he joined the 21st Regiment of Foot, Royal North British Fusiliers - a long established Scottish regiment which was reconstituted in 1782 after being virtually dormant since being at the surrender of Saratoga in 1777 during the American War of Independence
His plaque in the Bell Tower tells the story of his death [paraphrased here]:
When just recovered from the yellow fever, which in six weeks had carried off 13 of his brother officers, he was despatched in command of a company from Antigua to St Kitts. There he volunteered, due to the sickness of the Captain in charge, to command a company of the 56th (the West Essex) Regiment of Foot. He led his Company against the French at Guadeloupe with courage and good conduct while attacking the French held town of ‘Pointe au Petre’ [the largest town on the main island of the five in the archipelago which make up Guadeloupe ]. During the attack he received a fatal wound on 2/7/1794 and died 3 days later, at the ago of 21.
Guadeloupe has been fought over many times by the British and French. The French took possession of the island in 1635 and it was annexed to the kingdom of France in 1674. Over the next century, the island was seized several times by the British. One indication of Guadeloupe's prosperity at this time is that in the Treaty of Paris (1763), France, defeated in war, abandoned its territorial claims in Canada in return for British recognition of French control of Guadeloupe.
In an effort to take advantage of the chaos ensuing from the French Revolution, Britain attempted to seize Guadeloupe in 1794 and held it from April 21 to June 2. If the reported date of Samuel’s death is correct it indicates his attack did not succeed in taking control of the town. The French retook the island under the command of Victor Hugues
On February 4, 1810 the British once again seized the island and held it until March 3, 1813, when it was ceded to Sweden as a consequence of the Napoleonic Wars. Sweden already had a colony in the area and only a year later Sweden ceded the island to France in the Treaty of Paris of 1814. Today It is still a French département d'outre-mer .
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